{"id":1100,"date":"2025-05-27T12:36:58","date_gmt":"2025-05-27T11:36:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lungenzentrum-winterthur.ch\/pneumology-glossary\/"},"modified":"2025-11-13T17:41:03","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T16:41:03","slug":"pneumology-glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lungenzentrum-winterthur.ch\/en\/pneumology-glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Glossary<\/h1>\n

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Technical terms from pulmonary and sleep medicine explained simply<\/h2>\n

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Alveoli<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Small alveoli at the end of the bronchi where gas exchange takes place – oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is exhaled.<\/p>\n

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Allergic asthma<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A form of asthma that is triggered by allergens such as pollen, house dust mites or animal dander.<\/p>\n

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Bronchial asthma<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A chronic inflammation of the airways that leads to breathlessness, coughing and wheezing. The disease is often easily treatable. <\/p>\n

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Body plethysmography<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A special lung function test that also measures lung volume and airway resistance. It is carried out in a glass measuring booth. <\/p>\n

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Bronchitis<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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An inflammation of the bronchial tubes, usually caused by viruses. It is often accompanied by coughing, mucus production and occasionally fever. <\/p>\n

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Bronchi<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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The air ducts that lead from the windpipe into the lungs. They branch out further and further there and guide the air into the smallest sections of the lungs. <\/p>\n

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CPAP<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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CPAP stands for \u2018Continuous Positive Airway Pressure\u2019 – a form of therapy for sleep apnoea. A device with slight positive pressure keeps the airways open during the night. <\/p>\n

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Bronchoscopy<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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An examination of the airways using a thin, flexible tube (bronchoscope). It is used for clarification or treatment within the bronchial tubes. <\/p>\n

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COPD<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Abbreviation for \u2018chronic obstructive pulmonary disease\u2019. It is usually caused by smoking and leads to persistent breathlessness and coughing. <\/p>\n

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CT thorax<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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An imaging procedure (computer tomography) for visualising the lungs and chest, which provides detailed information.<\/p>\n

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Dyspnoea<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Technical term for shortness of breath or laboured breathing – a common symptom of many lung diseases.<\/p>\n

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Inhalation therapy<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Treatment with medication that reaches the lungs directly via a spray or inhalation device – e.g. for asthma or COPD.<\/p>\n

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Pulmonologist<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A pulmonologist – also known as a pneumologist or specialist in pneumology – specialises in diseases of the lungs, airways and chest. They diagnose and treat asthma, COPD, pneumonia and sleep apnoea, for example. <\/p>\n

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Pulmonary function test<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Collective term for various examinations to measure the performance of the lungs – including spirometry, body plethysmography and diffusion measurement.<\/p>\n

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Pulmonary rehabilitation<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A medically supervised programme with training, education and support for people with chronic lung diseases to improve their quality of life.<\/p>\n

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Peak flow meter<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A simple device for measuring the maximum expiratory flow rate – useful for asthma control at home.<\/p>\n

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Pneumonia<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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The medical term for pneumonia. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi and is usually easily treatable. <\/p>\n

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Smoker’s lung (emphysema)<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Damage to the alveoli due to years of smoking. The lungs lose elasticity and breathing becomes more difficult. <\/p>\n

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Oxygen saturation (SpO\u2082)<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A measured value that indicates how much oxygen is present in the blood. It is usually measured with a small clip on the finger. <\/p>\n

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Sleep apnoea<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A sleep-related breathing disorder in which breathing stops at night. Those affected often feel exhausted despite long periods of sleep. <\/p>\n

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Sleep medicine<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Sleep medicine deals with sleep disorders – such as breathing interruptions at night (sleep apnoea), heavy snoring or daytime sleepiness. In pneumology, the focus is particularly on sleep-related breathing disorders, which can be treated with the help of special examinations and therapies. <\/p>\n

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Spirometry<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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A lung function test in which the volume of air and the speed of exhalation are measured. Spirometry helps in the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases such as asthma or COPD. <\/p>\n

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Cyanosis<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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Bluish discolouration of lips or fingers due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. It can occur with severe shortness of breath. <\/p>\n

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