Medical Conditions in focus
Sleep disordered breathing – Obstructive sleep apnoea
Sleep disordered breathing, in particular obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), are widespread and can significantly impair the quality of sleep. In OSA, the upper airways are repeatedly constricted or blocked during sleep, which leads to breathing pauses (apnoea) and brief awakenings. These disrupt sleep and often lead to daytime tiredness, difficulty concentrating and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Assessment and diagnosis
To assess sleep disordered breathing, we offer respiratory polygraphy – a sleep study that can be performed at home. A portable device records parameters such as respiratory flow, oxygen saturation, breathing patterns and heart rate during sleep. The results help us to diagnose and understand the extent of the sleep apnoea.
In special cases a more comprehensive examination in the sleep lab is required that also records brain waves, eye movements and muscle activity in order to analyse sleep and breathing disorders even more precisely.
Treatment options
The treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea depends on the severity of the condition. The following options are available:
- CPAP therapy (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure): CPAP therapy is the most effective treatment for moderate to severe OSA. A mask, which is worn at night, channels air into the airways with slight positive pressure and prevents them from closing during sleep. The costs of CPAP therapy are covered by health insurance.
- Mandibular advancement device (MAD): A mandibular advancement splint can be used for mild to moderate OSA. This splint is worn in the mouth at night and holds the lower jaw in a position that keeps the airways open. The cost of the mandibular advancement splint is also usually covered by health insurance.
- Sleep position training: In some patients, OSA occurs more frequently in the supine position. In these cases, sleep position training can be used to promote sleeping on the side in order to reduce breathing interruptions. There are special training methods and aids available.